Improvement in feed-water injectors



JOHN ROBINSON AND JAMES GBESHAM, OF MANCHESTER, GREAT BRITAIN.

y|it/HDROvEii/iENT IN FEED-WATR iNJEOToRs.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,21@ dated May 29,1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN ROBINSON and JAMES GRESHAM, of the city ofManchester, in the county of Lancaster, and United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Ireland, have invented new and useful improvements in andapplicable to that apparatus for raising and forcing iiuids and feedingsteam-boilers known as Giffards Injector, and we do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,reference being had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, whichform a part of this specification, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon.

Prior to the date of our invention, Giff'ards injector had beenconstructed in various ways, so as to effect an adjustment of theannular spaces for steam and water, or other liquid. One method has beenby moving the steam cone or nozzle forming the partition between thesteam and liquid and the `central conespindle, the combining cone ornozzle being fixed; and another method has been by connecting thecombining cone or nozzle and the receiving cone or nozzle together, andarranging them with suitable packing, so that the larger end of thecombining-nozzle could be adjusted to and from a fixed steam-nozzle toregulate the space for liquid, the steam being still adjusted by thecentral cone-spindle. By either of these methods, and by other methodshitherto used, internal packing has been necessary, which is liable tobe burned or worn out, and it cannot be replaced without taking theapparatus to pieces at the cost of considerable trouble andinconvenience.

The Object of our invention is to dispense with the necessity forinternal packing, to simplify the construction, and render the apparatusmore effective and less liable to get out of order. I

Our invention consists in making the steamnozzle xed, and in adjustingthe annular space for steam, as hitherto, and in combining therewith apeculiar arrangement for adjusting the annular space for liquid. Thereis one form of the internal bore for the combining and receiving nozzlesin Giffards injector which vis found to give the best result; and theimportant feature of our invention may be considered to be the formingof these nozzles in two parts, one internal and the other external, butso arranged that when the two parts are together the form of the borewill approach as nearly as possible to the bore of these nozzles whenthey are each made in one piece. The external parts ofthe nozzles areiixed and the internal parts are movable, and the internal parts of thecombining-nozzle, when the space for liquid is fully open, only extendsa little past the small end of the steam-nozzle.

The point of our invention of most importance, by which we dispense withthe necessity for packing and at the same time attain an easy iit, is inmaking the external diameters of the internal parts of the combining andreceiving nozzles so small that at their ends they will be opposite thatpart of the passing current where it has attained its highest velocity,or where its velocity is not materially diminished; and by thisvarrangement the passing liquid has no tendency to escape between theinternal and external parts of the combining and receiving nozzles, butrather to draw in air or iiuid which may escape from theoverflow-orifice by accident or an imperfect adjustment of the steam andWater.

It' the internal parts of the combining and receiving nozzles are madetoo largein Idiameter, or if they are made to extend to that part of thebore of the nozzles which is of large diameter, then the velocity of thepassing uid will be so far diminished that packing will be required toprevent its escape. The internal parts ofthe combining and receivingnozzles may be made in separate parts; but they are more simplymade inone piece, with one or more orices between them to allow for overflow,and these internal parts of the combining and receiving nozzles may bemoved to adjust the space for liquid by a toothed rack and pinion.

The manner of carrying our invention into effect is illustrated by theaccompanying three sheets of drawings.

Figure l, Sheet l, is a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, across-section atA B, Fig. l; and Fig. 3, an end view.

The casing or body of the injector is formed in two parts. One part, a,contains the central cone-spindle b, its stufing-box bl, and gland [Handthe steam-nozzle c, and the steampipe d leading to it. The other part ofthe 'nutand the shoulder on`the shaft. 3

short shaftA a hand-wheel, 703,is` iiXed,-which brass. jA 'l A p 5, and6, Sheet 2, represent views ,casing orl body, a, of the injectorcontainsvthe water,and the outlet-pipe h, for overiiow; and:

in this partfof the injector the valve t' is iitted toA prevent thereturn of th'ewater `whichhas.

passed `through the injector, and in this part is also iitted the piecenozzles, which piece has-a toothed rack formed upon its exterior thatgears with la toothed pinion, k, formed upon a short shaft, k,"arf

ranged in bearings, as shown in-Fig. 2. `The shaft k1 being kept inposition `by a screw-nut, k2, which also Aserves to put friction uponthe shaft to prevent it from turning 'too easily, al leather collar being; used between the screwfA Upon the maybe graduatedf upon its edge, andprovided with a pointer la, so that the extent of opening for Aluidmmayreadilybe known.

The angles of ythe 1"`"rg`er 1d of the bore of 1 theV internal part e ofthe'fcombining-nozzle and the externalpart ofthe steam-nozzle c are madelrather"more obtuse than in the ordinaryj injector, so that a f shorterrange of w `movement in the internal part e and j" is re-` quiredto'oplen and shut the space for liquid.;

A hole, a, is made at vright angles to the part orming theinternalnozzles to allow for` over- Phe injector represented by'iFigs.l, 2, and 3 1s supposed to be constructed entirely of Figs. 4, of aninjector corresponding respectively to Figs.l,j2, and 3. "This: injectoris supposed to-bemadewitha cast-iron casing, a and a', andwithbrasspnozzles. Inother respects it is similartothat shown on `Sheetl."

`Figs. 7 8, and `9, SheetfS, are viewsV corresponding respectively toFigs. 4, 5, and 6 of anotherfinjector according to our invention,

forming the internal` parts e and fl of thecombining andreceiving butmore limited in its range of action. 1n this v modiiication thereceiving-nozzle f is formed in `,one piece, the internal part e of thecombiningfnozzle being alone movable;V consequently the space variesbetween-the discharging-nozzle 'and receivingfnozzle. As the water-spaceis made to open and shut with a short movement,the f variation of thespace between the nozzles for small ranges of variation in the pressureof steam do not materially `affect the `working of the instrument.

The injector is. adapted for Va high or low pressure boiler, by screwingthe receivingnozzle vf in or out to a greater or less extent .'when `theinjector is applied, and it will be seen that the receivingnozzlef andvalve fi are specially arranged `forthis purpose.

" In feeding hotwater it may be desirable to 'close thespace foroveriow, which can be ef- Qfected in this injector by forming one nozzlejto enterthe other as a valve, as shown, and

'by turning the hand-Wheel.

l The same letters and `figures of reference denote the same and-`corresponding parts in each gure of thedrawings.

' ture of our invention, and the manner in which `the saine may becarried into effect, and claim 'as our invention- Injectors Where the'internal nozzles el and 1 are actuated by atoothed rack and pinion, `andare arranged and combined with the external nozzles e and fand thesteam-nozzle `c, substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

`In' testimony whereof we have signed our 'names to this specificationAin `the presence of two subscribing witnesses. i

J OHN` ROBINSON.

JAMES GRESHAM.

Witnesses:

'PETER J. LrvsEY, W. GIFEARD.

by bringing the two nozzles in close contact We have nowparticularlydescribed the na-

